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W4330 - TRACHELIUM CAERULEUM, THROATWORT
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'Jemmy Royal Purple'
As a cut flower: sturdy stems, a large central umbel and small secondary umbels (Plant a high density), otimum cut plant quality in spring and summer cultivation. As a pot: compact habit with multiple shoots (place at wider spacings), excellent supplement to the classical range of summer flowering items.
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TECHNICAL INFORMATION |
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| Life Cycle: | |
Annual
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| Familiy, Origin: | |
Campanulaceae, South Europe
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| Sitelocation: | |
Full sun - partial shade
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| Garden Height: | |
95 cm
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37,4 inch
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| Crop Time: | |
Plug crop: 6 weeks; Flowering pots: 14-18 weeks; Flowering pots: 8-10 months, with wintering; Cut flower production: 5-6 months
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| Seed Form: | |
Raw Seed
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| Seed Count: | |
90909 K/g
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| Sowing Time: | |
December-April; August-September for flowering in pots the following year
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| Sowing Method: | |
1-3 seeds per plug
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| Germination: | |
5-10 days at 20-22 °C, in media with very low soluble salt levels and pH: 5.5-6.2. Requires light for germination. Before sowing treat substrate with fungicide. Do not cover seeds. Keep soil slightly moist but not wet. Avoid direct sunlight by shading seeds after sowing. Do not sow directly into fields.
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| Plug Culture: | |
From Stage II* reduce the soil moisture, the plug should not dry out and reduce the temperature to 18-20 °C. Do not let soluble salt level rise above 0,75 EC. Start fertilization at 75 ppm nitrogen in a well balanced formula. During Stage III and Stage IV fertilization levels can be increased up to 200-250 ppm.
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| Growing On: | |
4-6 weeks after sowing transplant 1 plant per plug tray (4x4 cm) and 4-6 weeks later transplant 1-3 plants into a pot (15-17 cm) or into a container (3-5 cm). Transplant only robust plants. Two time transplantation will support the young plant quality. For flowering pot production ensure good pot size, to encourage root growth, thus improving plant quality. Plant cut flowers (frost free) in 20-30 x 20-30 (several shoots plants, pinched plants) or 12-15 x 12-15 cm (one shoot plants, unpinched plants) space. Plant into cold greenhouse/foil-tunnel beds or outside in partial shade conditions. Cut flower production in container is possible.
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| Media: | |
Use a well-drained, growing perennial substrate with 20-30 % clay, 1-1,5 kg/m³ complete balanced fertilizer, iron-chelate, micronutrients, pH: 5.5-6.2. Field: loamy soils with a good drainage and high nutrition levels. Standard fertilization: 80-100 g/m² slow release fertilizer. Disinfect the soils for transplantation.
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| Photoperiod / Light: | |
Long day plant. The long day supports the flower initiation while the short day support the vegetative growth. In the first three weeks of vegetative growth (in summer or in spring depending on variety) cultivate in short day (10-12 h) after that cultivate in long day (14-16 h). 3 weeks before harvest extend the long day to 16-18 h. In winter additional assimilation light is required. Night interruption is possible. At natural long day condition (March-June) use darkening for the vegetative growth, because otherwise the stem length is too short. After June use no more darkening to decrease the share of non-flowering shoots. Plants will be more compact at high light intensity.
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| Temperature: | |
Grow at 13-18 °C. Directly after transplanting decrease the temperature for 2-3 weeks to 15 °C during daytime and to 13 °C during night. Afterwards start the long day and increase the temperature again to 18 °C during daytime and to 15 °C during night. Avoid temperatures below 10 °C and above 25 °C, because this would inhibit the vegetative growth. Temperatures below 10 °C support yellow leaves. Wintering indoors frost free at 5-8 °C is possible. The wintering promotes the formation of leaf rosettes and will strengthen the plant health. The wintering is recommended for pot and container plant production.
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| Fertilization: | |
High fertilization levels are required. Fertilize the crop weekly with 200-250 ppm nitrogen, using a complete balanced fertilizer. When the buds are visible, change the fertilizer and reduce the fertilization. Use a potassium balanced fertilizer (N: K2O-ratio: 1:1,5) with 150-200 ppm nitrogen. Take care of a good phosphate and magnesium supply. Prevent magnesium deficiency by applying magnesium sulphate (0,025 %) 1-2 times and in case of iron deficiency apply iron-chelate for 1-2 times. The roots are sensitive to high salt levels in substrates. Avoid high fertilizer concentrations, it is advisable to fertilize several times with low concentrations weekly. Field: N min soil value: approximately 150 g/m².
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| Cut Flowers: | |
Cut flower stems can be harvested, when 25 % of the small flowers per stem are open. Remove the bottom leaves. Vase life: 10-14 days. Cold storage is possible.
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| Cultural Hints: | |
Cultivate bright, cold and airy. Keep constant water supply, but avoid wetness. Pinch the plant tops after 2 rd -3rd leaf pair for a better branching and a more compact plant habit. Pinching is recommended for pot plant production.
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All colors
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Hint
The cultural recommendations are based on results from trials conducted under Central European conditions. Different conditions in other parts of the world may lead to deviations in results achieved.
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