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U9820 - RUDBECKIA SPECIOSA, BLACK-EYED SUSAN
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'Rudbeckia speciosa'
Yellow with black center, ideal for cutting.
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TECHNICAL INFORMATION |
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| Life Cycle: | |
Perennial
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| Familiy, Origin: | |
Asteraceae, North America
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| Sitelocation: | |
Full sun - partial shade
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| Garden Height: | |
60 cm
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23,62 inch
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| Natural flowertime: | |
August - September
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| Crop Time: | |
Plug crop: 7-6 weeks; Green pots: 12-16 weeks; Flowering pots: 14-16 weeks, annual production is possible (limited flowering); 10-12 months, including wintering (full flowering)
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| Sell Period: | |
July- November
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| Seed Form: | |
Raw Seed
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| Seed Count: | |
1229 K/g
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| Sowing Time: | |
January-June for flowering in pots from July onwards (limited flowering); June-August for flowering in pots the following year
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| Sowing Method: | |
2-3 seeds per plug
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| Germination: | |
7-15 days at 20-22 °C or 7 days at 30-31 °C, in media with very low soluble salt levels and pH: 5.5-6.5. Requires light for germination. Cover seed lightly with vermiculite after sowing. Keep soil slightly moist but not wet. Avoid direct sunlight by shading seeds after sowing.
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| Plug Culture: | |
From Stage II* reduce the soil moisture, but the plug should not dry out and reduce the temperature to 18 °C. Do not let soluble salt level rise above 0,75 EC. The roots are sensitive to high salt levels in substrate. Start fertilization at 50-75 ppm nitrogen in a well balanced formula. During Stage III and Stage IV fertilization levels can be increased to 150-200 ppm.
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| Growing On: | |
4-6 weeks after sowing transplant 1 plant into a pot (8-10 cm) for green pot production. Transplant 2 plants into a bigger pot (15-20 cm) or into a container (3-5 l) for flowering production. For an annual cultivation transplant several plants into one pot for full flowering. For flowering pot production ensure good pot size, to encourage root growth, thus improving plant quality. Plant cut flowers (frost free) in 30-35 x 30-35 cm space.
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| Media: | |
Use a well-drained, growing perennial substrate with 0-15 % clay, 0-15 % parts (e.g. bark, wood fibres), 1-1,5 kg/m³ complete balanced fertilizer, 1-3 kg/m³ slow release fertilizer (3-9 months), iron-chelate, micronutrients, pH: 5.5-6.5. Field: loamy sandy to sandy humus soils with good drainage and good nutrition levels. Standard fertilization: 80-100 g/m² of a slow release fertilizer.
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| Photoperiod / Light: | |
Long day plant. For flower initiation long day (14-16 h) conditions for
7-8 weeks are required. Keep light level high, because high light levels improve the plant quality. In winter and in early spring additional assimilation light is required for pot plant and cut flower production. For a cultivation at warm temperatures high light levels are required. Night interruption is possible.
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| Temperature: | |
Grow at 10-18 °C or outdoors. In winter indoors frost free at 3-5 °C or outdoors. Outdoors fleece cover needed. For wintering the plants should have formed 8-10 leaves. In spring the plants start to grow for 10-12 weeks at 15-18 °C and long day.
Cold temperatures at 10-15 will increase the cultivation time. A chilling period (vernalization) for 10-12 weeks is recommended for flower initiation.
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| Fertilization: | |
High fertilization levels are required. Fertilize the crop weekly with 150-200 ppm nitrogen (at 3 kg/m³ slow release fertilizer in substrate), using a complete balanced fertilizer. Avoid high ammonium and high nitrogen levels. Don't fertilize after mid September. In spring fertilize 150-200 ppm nitrogen of a potassium balanced fertilizer (N: K2O-ratio: 1:1,5). Prevent magnesium deficiency by applying magnesium sulphate (0,05 %) 1-2 times and in case of iron deficiency (above pH 6.0) apply iron-chelate for 1-2 times. Field: If necessary according to analysis, improve the soil with 80-100 g/m² of a slow release fertilizer per year, applied in several portions. Take care of possible iron deficiency and apply iron-chelate for 1-2 times. N min soil value: approximately 150 g N/m².
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| Cut Flowers: | |
Cut flower stems can be harvested, when the flowers are open. Vase life: 5-8 days. Cold storage is not recommended. Remove faded flower stems to encourage additional flowers. Dried flower production is possible.
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| Cultural Hints: | |
The plants need a high nutrition supply. Additional calcium nitrate fertilization promotes the flowering in the first year. After transplanting pinch the tops for a good branching.
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Hint
The cultural recommendations are based on results from trials conducted under Central European conditions. Different conditions in other parts of the world may lead to deviations in results achieved.
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