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U2820 - PRIMULA VIALII, ORCHID PRIMROSE
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'Primula vialii'
Vivid vrimson purple buds and calyxes and light pink flowers along long flower spikes. Ideal for coled greenhouse and field cultivation.
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TECHNICAL INFORMATION |
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| Life Cycle: | |
Perennial
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| Familiy, Origin: | |
Primulaceae, Southwest China
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| Sitelocation: | |
Full sun - partial shade
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| Garden Height: | |
60 cm
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23,62 inch
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| Natural flowertime: | |
June - July
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| Crop Time: | |
Plug crop: 10 weeks; Green pots: 12-14 weeks; Flowering pots: 10-12 months, including vernalization; Cut flower production: 2-3 years
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| Sell Period: | |
December-March
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| Seed Form: | |
Raw Seed
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| Seed Count: | |
15385 K/g
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| Sowing Time: | |
Outdoor forcing: January-March for flowering in pots the following year; Indoor forcing (frost free): Mai-June
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| Sowing Method: | |
1 seed per plug
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| Germination: | |
20-30 days at 18-22 °C, in media with very low soluble salt levels and pH: 5.0-6.0. Cover seed lightly with vermiculite after sowing. Keep soil wet (relative humidity: 100 %). Soak seeds in cold-storage room at 14 °C for 8-10 days. Afterwards cultivate the seeds in greenhouse at 18-22 °C and get the seedlings used to light slowly Avoid direct sunlight after sowing by shading the seeds.
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| Plug Culture: | |
From Stage II* reduce the soil moisture, but the plug should not dry out. Do not let soluble salt level rise above 0,50 EC. The roots are very sensitive to high salt levels in substrates. Start fertilization at 50-75 ppm nitrogen in a well balanced formula. During Stage III and Stage IV fertilization levels can be increased to 150-200 ppm.
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| Growing On: | |
4-6 weeks after sowing transplant 1 plant per plug tray (4x4 cm) or in packs. 8-10 weeks later transplant 1 plant into a pack or pot (10-15 cm). After transplanting keep the tray, because it is possible that more seeds germinate at a later time. Two time transplantation supports root development and young plant quality. For flowering pot production ensure good pot size to encourage roots growth, thus improving plant quality. Plant cut flowers (frost free) in 25-30 x 25-30 cm space or transplant 3-5 plants into a container (3-10 l). For cut flower production cultivate in container in order to simplify culture control because of the container's mobility.
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| Media: | |
Use a well-drained, growing substrate with 15-30 % clay, 0-20 % parts (e.g. bark, perlite), 0,5-1,5 kg/m³ complete balanced fertilizer, 0-2 kg/m³ slow release fertilizer (3-6 months), iron-chelate, micronutrients, pH: 5.0-6.0. Field: humus, loamy sandy to sandy soils with good drainage. Standard fertilization: 40-60 g/m² of a slow release fertilizer.
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| Photoperiod / Light: | |
Day length neutral plants. Keep light level high. In winter outdoor frozen plants have to be protected against sunlight. Protect the plants in summer against high sunlight, too.
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| Temperature: | |
Grow at 10-15 °C. In winter indoors frost free at 3-5 °C or outdoors. Outdoor fleece cover needed. P. vialii are very sensitive to strong frost temperatures. For wintering the leaf rosette should be well developed. Alternating temperatures (10-12 °C day- and 1-2 °C night temperature) for
4-6 weeks promotes considerably the flower initiation for frost free cultivation. The plants start to grow at 10-14 °C. Avoid higher temperature, because higher temperatures will reduce the plant quality and the foliage will grow too large.
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| Fertilization: | |
Moderate fertilization levels are required. Fertilize the crop weekly with 150-200 ppm nitrogen (at 0 kg/m³ slow release fertilizer in substrate), using a complete balanced fertilizer. In August use a potassium balanced fertilizer (N: K2O-ratio: 1:1,5). Take good care of the potassium supply, because potassium deficiency can a be cause for leaf necrosis. Avoid high ammonium and high nitrogen levels in order to avoidthat the foliage is growing too large. Prevent magnesium deficiency by applying magnesium sulphate (0,025 %) 1-2 times and in case of iron deficiency apply iron-chelate for 1-2 times. Treat nitrogen deficiency (yellow foliage) with urea foliage fertilization. The roots are sensitive to high salt levels (above 2 g/l) in substrates. Avoid high fertilizer concentrations, it is advisable to fertilize several times with low concentrations weekly. Take care of pH value in substrate and if necessary adjust the pH value in substrate with lime or with acidic fertilizer. For outdoor cultivation nutrition losses due to rainfall have to be taken into consideration. Field: If necessary according to analysis, improve the soil with 40-60 g/m² of a slow release fertilizer, applied in several portions.
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| Cut Flowers: | |
Cut flower stems can be harvested, when 30 % of the flowers per spike are open.
Vase life: 8-12 days.
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| Cultural Hints: | |
Cultivate rather moist and not too close for a good plant quality and plant health. during vegetative growth P. vialii needs high moisture in substrate, but in winter a dry substrate is required.
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Hint
The cultural recommendations are based on results from trials conducted under Central European conditions. Different conditions in other parts of the world may lead to deviations in results achieved.
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